DOE EIA Energy Data MCP Server

DOE EIA Energy Data

EIA provides energy data for electricity, natural gas, petroleum, coal, and renewables — production, consumption, prices, trade, emissions. APIv2 is fully RESTful (since Feb 2022). Route hierarchy: /v2/electricity, /v2/natural-gas, /v2/petroleum, /v2/coal, etc. Supports facet-based filtering, frequency selection (annual/monthly/weekly/daily), and data sorting.

Data Model

• Routes — hierarchical endpoints organizing data by energy source: /v2/electricity, /v2/natural-gas, /v2/petroleum, /v2/coal, /v2/nuclear-outages, /v2/seds (state energy data), /v2/steo (short-term outlook).
• Facets — filterable dimensions within each route (e.g. state, sector, fuel type). Use facets[dimension]=value query params.
• Frequencies — temporal granularity: annual, monthly, weekly, daily, hourly. Varies by route.
• Data columns — each route returns specific value columns (e.g. price, quantity, generation).

Gotchas

• Route discovery — GET /v2/ returns all top-level routes; GET /v2/{route}/ returns sub-routes and available facets.
• Pagination — use offset and length params. Default length is 5000, max 5000.
• Sort — use sort[0][column]=period&sort[0][direction]=desc for ordering.